As the summer season approaches, many businesses consider hiring teen workers to help meet seasonal demands. While younger employees often bring energy and a fresh perspective to the workplace, it’s essential for employers to understand the legal requirements that apply—especially during school breaks.
Hiring teenagers also presents an opportunity to positively influence their early work experience, helping them build valuable skills and confidence. That’s why it’s so important to get things right from the start.
Federal and State Laws Regarding Employment of Teen Workers
Federal and state labor laws closely regulate the employment of workers under 18. Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), the minimum age for most non-agricultural work is 14. For those under 16, there are restrictions on hours, including:
- No more than 8 hours per day
- No more than 40 hours per week
- Only between 7 a.m. and 9 p.m. from June 1 through Labor Day
Important: State laws may impose stricter limits, so always check your local regulations for full compliance.
Restricted Jobs for Teen Workers
Certain tasks and industries are off-limits for employees under 18. For example, youth may not:
- Operate heavy machinery or power-driven tools
- Work in roofing, excavation, or warehousing involving forklifts
- Participate in other hazardous occupations as outlined in the U.S. Department of Labor’s Hazardous Occupations Orders
Make sure you’re familiar with the full list of restricted duties before assigning work.
Permits and Documentation
In many states, teens are required to have a work permit or employment certificate. These are often obtained through a school counselor or state labor department.
Employers are responsible for obtaining and retaining copies of these documents, as well as verifying age and eligibility before the first day of work.
Meal and Break Policies
Break policies may vary depending on the teen’s age and your state’s labor rules. For example, minors often must receive a 30-minute meal break after a certain number of consecutive work hours. These rules can differ from those for adult employees, so be sure to review your state’s guidelines.
Helpful Resources for Employers
For more details and legal resources, visit:
US Department of Labor – Youth Rules
State Labor Offices
Final Thoughts
Bringing teens into your workplace can be a great way to meet seasonal needs and support the next generation of workers. Just remember—clear expectations, safe work environments, and compliance with labor laws are essential for a successful summer hire.
Need help preparing your workplace or updating policies for teen workers this summer? Visit our HR Consulting page for expert guidance.